Projecting machine for projecting from stacks of individually framed films



Mrch 24, 1953 Filed Dec 50, 1950 R. P SMITH PROJECTING MACHINE FORPROJECTING FROM STACKS OF INDIVIDUALLY FRAMED FILMS 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 30g ml 133 38' 34 47 49 W8: a: 5

y -82 J34- ..3 I52 49 v 7 9 I ma 13 12s v 3 I2 I a0 )0 2a 23 25 27 March24, 1953 R; P. SMITH 2,632,362

PROJECTING MACHINE FOR PROJECTING FROM I STACKS 0F INDIVIDUALLY FRAMEDFILMS Filed Dec. 30, 1950 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR- F?oberf PSmL' -HI,

a, I Ai-t'qrne March 24, 1953 R. P. SMITH 2,632,362

PROJECTING MACHINE FOR PROJECTING FROM STACKS OF INDIVIDUALLY FRAMEDFILMS I Filed Dec. 30, 1950 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 32. 5+ 7 H 71 IIII "4! 7s76 42 93 33 8; 89 87 INVEHTOR Poberl' 7? mHh,

7-1 3 4 0, Mal CIA. 4 [J Attorne March 24, 1953 s n' 2,632,362

PROJECTING MACHINE FOR PROJECTING FROM STACKS OF INDIVIDUALLY FRAMEDFILMS Filed Dec. 30, 1950 6 SheetsSheet 4 4- al I3 15' M I7 34- 39 36 38H 34 0 33 48 I ,4sb,|- 52 I23 I 7 I 124-. 28 I2! 41:7 133' I22 132 6 7IHVEHTOI? "Y' Faber? 7? 5, 111%,

' By MM Q A itarney.

March 24, 1953 p, s n- PROJECTING MACHINE FOR PROJECTING FROM STACKS OFINDIVIDUALLY FRAMED FILMS Filed Dec. 30, 1950 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVEHTORFaber? PSmi'lh,

A tfarne March 1953 R. P. SMITH I 2,632,362

' PROJECTING MACHINE FOR PROJECTING FROM STACKS OF INDIVIDUALLY FRAMEDFILMS Filed Dec. 30, 1950 .6 Sheets-Sheet 6 mvEHToR, 'Rcberl T? SmH-A, BMam,

Patented Mar. 24, 1953 TPROJECTING" SMACHINE L'FOR' 'PROJEGTING FROMSTAGKS F INDIV IDUALLY FRAMED "FILMS eRobert-Pr Smith, Crawfordsvillelnd.

uhpplicatiohheeerhber 30, 1950; Serial Nor 203 1688 (cues-+2.8)

i? 6:.Claims. l

This invention herein described =involves a machine for projectingonto ascreen'views from transparencies such as film carried ina frame of; thetype generally known under the trade- -mark Kodachrome? of the EastmanKodak Company. The film showing the-view is in each in- -'s-tance;held-in'a substantially rigid frame so that the frames themselves may behandled as-integ-ral 'units in presenting the -fi1m for projection:purposes.

In-showing such-= film units; it has heretofore been the ,generalpractice to use a projecting machine wherein there is a crossslideholding atmost'twoor three of the film'unit frames;and ithis slide hadto be filled by: an operator; and "then-shifted. after ftheidesiredlength of-view of .the' 'film' asprojected'onto the screen has been had.Not only is"-theoperator-requiredto load they-slide; and then shift it;butheis also compelled to; be certain that theframes-a-re presentedright'side up in-order to have the View appear in the properpresentation on the screen.

In'the present invention-,1 the machine --is-loaded with a number of theframes-with one ahead-of another in the proper or desired sequence,--andall originally.v turned-in the; propererection,-and from then-gen,theymachine; automatically takes one frame at a time to locate that*frame'within the lens system so that the-projecting-light may shinetherethrough-and cause the imageto beshown-on the screen toward whichthe lens system is-di-re'cted. Theframe-in that system is and then,automatically, that ira-meis passed on out of; the lens system-intoitsproper-location in sequence in another horizontally aligned stack,following which the next in orderof viewing of the frames "iscarriedinto the lens system and then allowed todwell there for thedesired showing. "This-sequence of-operations is-continued untiltheentire: lot of: frames is-carried through the-lenssystem for theshowing.

Not only is this true, in respect to the showing but the-frames arereturned in: proper order to be ready and: available for i e-showing,this -reshowing being carried on at once in: the -machineii i it is'sodesired. The automatic re aligning of the frames for subsequent viewingin the desiredsequence is of high :importancahecause it frequentlyhappens in thepriorsystem above referred to that'these frames will beout of order, orwill-=be-reversed in position even it :in order. Thepresent invention avoids suchmisal-igning of the frames -in--the=entirenumber in the lot.

"Therefore :the rprimaryapurpose iofr thersinvention iswtoprovide'uimausingle :unitarysstructure, -.'in-a -srna1l compact form,.an automatically: operating 1 .mechanism which --W'i1l'.= receive :saelarge inurnbertoi the/frames carrying stheiifilms :tci'sbe displayed,takeeachirameindividually tors-separate viewing through;a'glensisystemcastingrgthe image from thezfilmuontov 3;.S.CI.6,BI1;2.9J10W1I1 that:imageto remainrvisibletonithevscreen forea definiteperiod: of. time;following; theL-endi of ;,:wh-ich time; the" .frameisomoved; on .into adefinitepr-edetermined1alignmentreadyforssubscquentwiew- 'ing;inthesame. order :if so desired. i

Many other objects and advantages ofiilhe in- MBIIfiOllaNVill; occur.toqthoseversediin sthfisdltllDOll considering the following.description; of one-par- ;ticularaiorm of. az machinelwhich to be veryworkable. :This;one\f orm :the-g. accompany; drawings wh,er ein,

.IFig. 21s .a .top planrviewmfathemachine; with portionswbroken.away':ltoradiscloseziunderumaijs lilig.'-r3.s.is:a .view :in rear:elevation and partial sectionv of;& the QLHPPEIEiIJDIfiQIl-fi of:-fthe-;machine;

z Eig. 4 sis... a:- view, vin horizontal {sectiomnnr the 1ine::.4. liniFigz; 3;

:Fig. 5;:is. a "viewsin =f1iont- ,e1evation-.and partial -SCti0l1:.0fthesupper: portion: of; the, machine;

Fig;v 6. isa view @inzhorizontalgtransyerse sectign .on the line:fiesfiziniliig. 5;

' Big. 71iisiai-yiewzi vertical;.sec.tion:ornamenlarged-ziscale cnptheiinc-l 721115: v5;

F 9 WJn-persp ctivetazspa ertmeans -:usab1e..when ;sufficient nu-mberio'film: framfi sfid' .notzavailabla to 1 fillionenside wofrthe imachine aswill be referred; to later.

Referringato. 1theidrawings,:the machines-in--vo1vingtheinventiondshereiniiiliustratedaszbeing embodied within anouterlboxelike"cabinet: generally designatedbythe numerak' i=0.*l2his-cabinet It carries a floor-l I-acrossv the undersideyandan-intermediate shelfior floor ll The -top l3 is in-the-natureof alid-or cover hinged through the hinge 1 d to theopposite -or-'-r-ight-hand. ssidea [.5

ofthe cabinet- It. -Theeover I3=may= lee-secured in a closed-positiondnanywsuitablemanner, such as by the latch- 16 herein shown asheir-15:811- 'gagedwith a-keeper"! 1;Fig: 5.

On' theleft side--o1: wal1 l8- of the cabinet 'ilfl there are carriedthe motor control switch I 9 and the lamp :control-switch -ill.iEllectricacuz renteis 3 made available through a cord or cable 2|entering the cabinet at any suitable place, such as through theleft-hand wall it as indicated in Fig. 1.

The switch 28 controls flow of current from the cable 2] to a lamp 22which is mounted on a standard 23 in turn carried by the intermediatefloor [2; The motor control switch 19 controls flow of current from thecable 21 to the main drive motor 24 and the fan motor 25. The drive'motor 24 is herein shown as being mounted on the base floor H whereasthe fan drive motor 25 is mounted on the intermediate floor I2, Fig. 1.

There is mounted on the intermediate floor l2, a ,U-frame having theupturned front and rear plates or walls 26 and 21 respectively.

At the upper ends of these walls 28 and 2'! there are mountedrespectively a front plate or block 28 and a rear plate or block 29vertically disposed therefrom.

A lens tube 36 is mounted on the forward side of the block 28 to extendthrough the front wall 3| of the cabinet l6, Figs. 1 and 2. There is avertically disposed wall 32 interconnecting the outer left-hand portionsof the blocks 28 and 29,

and also a wall 33 vertically disposed and interconnecting the outerright-hand end portions of these blocks 28 and 29. These side walls 32and 33 extend substantially throughout the height of the two blocks 28and 29, and have a floor 34 extending therebetween, and entirelythereacross between the forward portions of these side walls, butseparated by an opening 35 between the rear portions.

The lamp 22 extends substantially centrally between the walls 32 and 33through the opening 35 immediately adjacent the rear end portion of theforward part of the floor 34, Fig. 1.

There is a rear cylindrical lens housing 36 detachably mounted on theback side of the block 28 to extend over the central portion of thefloor 34, Figs. 1 and 2.

A rectangular hood generally designated by the numeral 31 is providedwith the respective vertically disposed side walls 38 and 39, Fig. 8, torest by their forward under edges on the forward portion of the door 34.This hood 37, closed across its top side by the ceiling wall 46 entirelyacross between the inner opposing faces of the blocks 28 and 29 to forma housing for the lamp 22 and also to provide means for carrying offexcess heat therefrom. The rear end of the housing 31 has its side walls38 and 39, Fig. 4, engaged by spring tongues 4i and 42 which extend fromfloor 34 on each side of the opening 35.

Between the lamp 22 and the rear lens housing 36 there is interposed aglass partition 43 as a means of protecting the lens system from theheat of the lamp 22. Behind the lamp 22 there is set up a mirror 44which extends across and is supported by the side walls 38 and 39 of thehousing 31. It is to be noted that the top end of the mirror 44terminates short of the ceiling which at that position, is inclinedupwardly and rearwardly by the portion 45.

This portion 45 extends upwardly in spaced relation above the rear block29 so as to leave a window 46 thereabove for the escape of heatgenerated by the lamp 22 within the housing 31. This escape of heat ismade positive by reason of the fact that the fan motor 25 is locatedimmediately below the opening 35 in the floor 34 to drive the fan 41which causes a blast of air to travel upwardly through the opening 35and out this window 46. Part of the blast from the fan 41 enters thehousing between the glass screen 43 and the mirror 44 as best indicatedin Fig. 1. The walls 32 and 38 are parallel, and are spaced apart adistance just sufficient to permit a film carrying frame 48 to beinserted therebetween and to slide freely therealong in positions atright angles to these walls, that is the plane of the frame would be atright angles to the planes of these two walls. In like manner, thespacing between the walls 33 and 39 is made to be just slightly greaterthan the transverse width of the frames 48 so that these frames mayslide freely therebetween. In other words the positioning of the housing31 intermediate the outer walls 32 and 33 serves not only as a lamphousing and ventilating means, but also, by its vertically disposed sidewalls, in conjunction with the outer walls 32 and 33, forms two distinctslide ways for the frames 48 when they are vertically disposedtherebetween.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, there is a shaft 49 revolubly carried by itsfront and rear ends by the vertically disposed plates 26 and 21. Thisshaft 49 extends through a gear reduction unit 56 which is driven by ashaft 5| interconnected by a belt 52 with the motor 24.

The shaft 49, by its rear end portion, extends through the plate 21, andthrough a plate 53, herein shown as in the nature of a circular disc,which is mounted on the back side of the plate 27 immediately below theblock 29. Fixed in driving relation on the outer end of the shaft 49 isa cam member 54. This cam 54 appears through a Window 55, rectangular inshape, which window appearsin a cam follower 56, Fig. 3. This camfollower 56 is held in sliding contact across the back face of the plate53 in any suitable manner, herein shown as by the upper and lowerwashers 57 and 58 maintained in contact, that is sliding contact, withthe back face of the follower 56 by means of the screws 59 and 60respectively.

This cam follower 56 has a shank 6| extending substantially horizontallyto the left, to be supported by means of a screw 64 which passes througha slot 65 longitudinally disposed in the outer end portion of the shank.The shank 6| carries spaced apart pins 66 and 61 extending rearwardly,between which there is passed a rocker arm 68. This rocker arm 68 isrockably supported by its lower end portion below the shank 6| in anysuitable means, herein shown as by means of the screw 69.

The rocker arm 68 extends upwardly to be substantially in slidingcontact with the back face of the block 29 and to extend across ahorizontally disposed slot 18 provided in this block 29 in its left-handportion.

There is across head H slidably contained in the slot 16 to be free toreciprocate throughout its length. A pin or screw 12 passes through aslot 68a extending longitudinally of the arm 68 in its upper portionthereof, to engage the cross head 1 I.

On the forward side of the block 29 there is positioned a feeder plate13 to have a height substantially equal to the height of one of the filmframes 48. The horizontal breadth of the feeder plate 73 issubstantially half that of the film frame 48. The cross head ll is fixedto the back side of the feeder plate 13 so that by means of the arm 68,the feeder plate 73 may be reciprocated across the forward face of theblock 29. There is a vertically disposed opening 74, Fig. 4, between therear end of the wall 32 and zithe hlo ckZ.:29,..betv/:een :whichtherfeeder plate113 mayytravelmhen ini'the extreme outer position.

There :is; positioned a=.Wall 'I5..across the rear tends;.ofthewalls 38and 39 of the housing 31, Fig. 4, and thisv-Jall 15., isspaced forwardfrom the block 29 aidistance to leavea transverse passage- .wayz'IBslightly greater. than .the thickness ofone of Lthefilm framesc48. .Inotherwords there is sufiicient space between the wall '55 and the block2$ito permit traversing t-herebetweenone oi :the :framesxt8, :but oneonly. The forward face TI, Figi k-flflthe wall 29, to the right of thehousin wall 39, 'slopes forwardly by a thickened portion of -the block'28 into aforwardly disposed face I8 which =is substantially -Withl11the plane of the back face-of the :wall 15. The purpose of this slopingface ii will be made apparent in describing the operation, ofthemachinefollowingthe completion-ofthe-description of the structure.

"A lever is-Fig.- 3, is rockably mounted onapin '80. Thls pin -88 asarealso the screws 6-! and 6S, is fi-xed'toor carried-by the plate 27. Thelefthand end of the-lever-iS terminates in anupper and rearwardly turnedlip 8i which is in the path'of-a-rearward1y extending pin 32 mountedonthe outer end portion of the cam 54. The direction of rotation of theshaft- Z9 is such that the earn will be revolved in a counterclockwisedirection aszviewed in Fig. 3. The lever 19 has a portion carried to the'rig ht -hand side of its pivot pintil, and this'portion carries arearwardly and downwardlyturned lip 83.

This'lip' B3 is in the path of the lower end of a vertically disposedlever 84. The lever 85 is rockably mounted intermediate its top andlower endsina bracket 85 carried by the plate 2'! below the jblo'ck329.I'Ihe, lever-84 is free to rock in a planeatr-ight angles to the plate2?. The lever 84 carries a pin 86 extending from the left-hand sideof'the lever- 84 to enter into an annular slot around apost 8? which isfixed to a head 83. The slot. inithepost, 81 is designated by thenumeral 89,Fig.-4.

1.'I'his head: 88 carries the upper and lower pins 89 and 90respectively'to extend horizontally forwardly .in sliding relation intothe .block 29. Springsfii and 92 surround these pins 89 and 99 between.the head BBand the block 29, Fig... 1. Thereby, the head88 is tended tobe retaihedi-n a position rearwardly of the blockv 29 and is carried.towar d the block 29 as. the lever tdlmaybe IOCkedyby upwardtravel of.the vlip .83 on the lever 79 as;occasioned by the pin 82 pushing downon the lip ,SI to kick out the lower end of the lever 84. There is alsoa central pin 93, Fig. F1, carried by the head 88 to extend slidinglythrough the block 29. This-pin 93 is disposed centrally-between the pins89 and 9B, and in fact is a direct continuation of the member 81. All ofthese-pins 89, 90 and 93 enter the block 29 to be carried therethroughby the lever 84 immediately to the right-hand side of thewall-39 of thehousing 3.1.

. Near .the-right-hand upper corner of the plate 21 below the block 29there is pivotally mounted a finger. 95,.mounted to swing about apivotpin or screwSB. The finger 95 has'a rounded nose 9? extending fromthe upper side ofthe finger to enter through the fioorifi to swingupwardly thereabove immediately adjacent the forward face-of theblockZQadjacent the housing wall 39. Another finger 98 is rockably mounted ona pin 99'at the upper right-hand corner of the block 29 to swingoalongtheqback' face of the block :29. Eromthe left-hand ,end of, the finger98. thereris a fingerxiiliirturnedzover and themdownwardlmto renter-i,along lithe .forwardsside: of ;theblock .2 9.;pin

direct. opposition. to the nose. 91:. of the: fingen fli.

A spring; I 0 I is" .COI1IleCtBd;.bY. .its;.;ends:;to;.these fingers;95. andlilBa. whereby...they; arecnormally pulled onestowardthe other.Thesemembers 91 and 'Itilt areso located thatwhena film frame .148 is:carried ;through:: the:passageway 16-andi:;past the housing wall 39,:thebottom and topiedgesiof the frame will: ride over the opposing.edges. or the mem-bers BT and I-nll flto spread themv apart against thepull of the; spring: J I'II l -i' as:- indicated in Fig. 3.

Referring to FigsJ-fi. and' particularly, bthe same construction 1 is--employed on. the" front end of the structureas='=has justbeen"described=- :as being-carried on'the rear plate'2'I and blo'ck 29.In -this I front structure, the shaft -49 tc'omes through thepl'ate- 26;and-through a bearing plate its -wh-ichis mounted against the frontface' -"bf theplate 26.- 'On" the'forward endoftheshaft fl aheadoftheplate I83 there-is fixed acam I04. This cam I t4 rides-within arectangular-window I of a cam follower I65 .-this-fo1lower -I ll'dbeingretained-in sliding contact against-the front face of the plate I613byany suitable meanssu'ch as;:by the washers I01. and I08 heldin placerespectively by the screws H39- and' H0. -Thefollowerff-IIi6 has a shankHi extending-to theleftasviewed from thelfrontiof the device, 'Fig. 5,;tohave a screw H2 passed 'through-aislot Iii-"extending longitudinally,through the shank towarditsouter end. The screw "I I2 is carried,by-the-platefili. Between spaced pins H41 and; I I5 onthersha'nk I I I.there .is passed .a, rocker. arm 1 lfiirwhichiis pivotally. carriedbyfthe plate-26: byimeansyofza screw 1 '1 I I rockably carried."through. ;the'. lower portion of; the arm'lI'Ifi. The armpljidextendsupwardly to be substantial. sliding, contact along the front face of the.blockjZB, and has a screw I I8 passing through a slot I I 9longitudinal- 1y extendingft'hrough t-heupper end portion of .the arm II6,"the screw I I8 being fixed in across head i which. is confined ,tolongitudinal travel within. the slot .I 2 I which is provided-to. extendhorizontally. through .itheblock 28.

.,,On.,'the .backsideof, .theblock' 28,; there is positioned. a feedslide 'i22securedina' fixed manner to the crossheadiifm so that.rockingof; the .arm I I6 will, cause ltheslide I22.,to reciprocateaacross the floor .34, in substantial gliding contact ..-with thebackfaceof the block 28. -There.isapassageway, I 23 left between the frontend of the.wall;33 and the back face of theblock 28in order topermitclearancefor the feedslideIZZ to travel therebetween. The breadth,ofthe feed slide 122 is made to .besubstantially one-half, or slightlyless than the breadth of the film frame '48.

The mounting ofatherear lens system -36 ..-is made to be, such-thatthere is apassageway, I24, Fig. 6, left between the forward .end of.that mounting 36 and the back face of ,theblocki28, this passagewaybeing just wide enough to perrnit one frame 48 toslideifreelytherethrough. The block 28 has a face I25 continuing from. theforwardiace of. this passageway-124.110 incline rearwardlyintdthe,thickened portion' I26 of the block. zii FigJdwherebya frame48b comingthrough the passageway. .I 24 will haveits. advancing-verticaledgeportion carriedrearwardly as it travels. across,.,this [inclined faceI25 to comeito restontthe .rearwardly projecting portion I 26.

.7 ,Belowthe cam follower; frame ---.I 66, thereaisv. a lever-I 21-rockablymountedon the-.ipin I28; which is :carr-iedpy.ithe -framawzfi.;;'lhis1lever 1211. 1135gfi forwardly extending lip I29 to be in thepath of -a pin I30 which is fixed to extend forwardly from the cam I05.The lever I2! extends in the other 'is'mounted on the lever I32 belowthe bracket I33 to serve as a limiting abutment to bear against thefront face of the plate 26. The upper end of the lever I32 carries a pinI35 which enters a slot I36 provided circumferentially around a postI31. This post passes through a head I38 and continues on through aguide I39 which is fixed in the block 28, to permit the post I37 toslide therethrough and in an inward position pass at least across thedistance between the surface I25 and the rear portion I20 of the block28. This portion of the post I3! which slidingly travels through theblock 28, through the sleeve I39, is

designated by the numeral I40, and is in the nature of a pin to have asmaller diameter than the outer end of the head I31.

Fixed to the head I33, are the upper and lower with the pin I40 alsoslidingly entering through the block 28. The head I38 is normally heldin an outer position as indicated in Fig. '7, by means of compressionsprings I43 and I44 bearing between the back face of the head I38 andthe forward face of the block 28. The springs I43 and I44 serve to keepthe lever I32 rocked by its lower end into contact with the cam lift I3I. Referring to Fig. 5, there is mounted on the plate 26, below theblock 28, near the upper right-hand corner as view in Fig. 5, a fingerI45 to be rockably supported by a screw I40. This finger I45 extendsupwardly to have a nose I 41 entering through a hole in the floor 34 tobe in the path of the under edge of a frame 48 when it is in contactwith the back face of the block 28. A finger I48 is rockably attached bymeans of a bolt or pin I49 to the upper corner portion of the block 28to swing along the front face of the block 28 to have a nose portionturned over therefrom across the top of the block and then downwardly onthe'inside face, designated 'by the numeral I50. This nose I50 is in thepath of the top edge of the frame 48 when it is in contact with theinner face of the block 28. The noses I41 and I50 are adjacent the wall38 of the housing 37, whereby that portion of the frame 48 adjacent thatwall is interengaged by its top and bottom edges between those noses.The two fingers I45 and I48 are interconnected by means of a spring IIwhich tend to draw one toward the other, the limiting factor being thestriking of the lower finger I45 against the underside of the floor 34and the cross part of the nose I50 striking the top edge of the block28.

Operation In operating the structure as described, the cover I3 islifted upwardly, and suificient number of film frames 48 are placedbetween the wall 33 and the wall 39 to fill that space between theplates 28 and 23 just sufhciently to have one frame exert a slightpressure against the adjacent frame. Then the space between the wall 32and the wall 30 is likewise filled, the frame 48 against the block 28being the last frame to be brought into the lens system, the frame 48against the block 29 being the next frame to be brought 8 against theframe 48 on the other side of the housing 31 in that order as they aretobe displayed, the front frame 48 against the block 28 to the right ofthe housing 31, Fig. 2, being the first frame to enter the lens system.

The switches I9 and 20 are shifted to their closed positions to set intooperation the motors 24 and 25 and to illuminate the lamp 22. The shaft49 is thus revolved at the predetermined speed as determined by theratio of the gears in the reduction 50. Both the forward end cam I04 andthe rear end cam 54 are slowly revolved in unison. Referring first tothe mechanism on the front end of the structure, which is the mechanismthat carries the frames 48 across into the lens system and outtherefrom, the cam I04 revolves in a counterclockwise direction asviewed in Fig. 5, to have the nose of the cam bring the follower I06 tothe extreme right-hand position, and as the cam I04 continues torevolve, the follower I08 wil1 remain in that right-hand position untilthe nose designated by the numeral I50 comes around to strike the edgeIOI of the follower I06, to push the follower I06 to the left. In thattravel, the arm I I0 is rocked to the left, carrying the feed plate I22across the inside of the block 28 until it is carried outwardlysuificient to permit a frame 48 to press forwardly to cause that frontplate 48 to come into fullcontact throughout its area with the back faceof the block 28, the slot I28 being carried outwardly sufiiciently topermit the slide I22 to travel entirely out beyond the left-hand edge ofthat front frame 48 as viewed in Fig. 5.

The feed plate I22 will dwell in that extreme outer left-hand positionuntil the nose I60 travels on around to strike the edge I62 of thefollower I05 to carry the follower back to the right-hand position asindicated in Fig. 5. In this travel, the arm I I6 is brought back to theposition as indicated in Fig. 5, and during its travel to that position,the right-hand edge of that feed plate I22 will have been broughtagainst the left vertical edge of the frame 48 then bearing against theback face of the plate 28 with the result that this frame 48 is carriedfrom its original position to enter through the passageway I24, Fig. 6,as pushed therein by the plate I22. The frame will remain in thatpassageway because that is the limit of travel of the feed plate I22.

The feed plate I22 will remain stationary until the cam I04 carriesaround to bring the nose I60 again into contact with the follower edge I0| so that the plate I22 is again shifted to the lefthand position topermit another frame 48 to come into contact with the back face of theblock 28, that particular frame having been bearing against the backside of the feed plate I22 until that plate travels to the left to getout of the way. Upon the return travel of the feed plate I22 to theright, it pushes the second frame 48 against the first frame 48 wherebythe frame within the passageway I24 is pushed on out of that passagewayto cause it to slide across the inclined face I25 to have it cooked tohave the outer edge toward the wall 32 spaced rearwardly from the edgejust leaving the passageway I24. As that frame herein designated by thenumeral 48b comes out of the passageway I24, it travels between thenoses I41 and I50 to cause them to be spread apart and thus frictionallyengage the bottom and top edges of the frame 48b, and to remain in thatengagement for the time being as the frame 4% takes the position asindicated in Fig. 6, Following that travel to position the frame 4822 asdescribed, the cam I04 continues intritszrevolving':travel, to*returnrtheufeedpljatel22 :as .zbeforetojzthe aleft-hand side, and in sodoing; afterrrthe:- .-feed 'plate is thus positioned,

the-pint! 30:-carr=ied-by",the cam IM comes down to? strikeithe lip; 12%, to-rocki the -level I 21, and thuslicause -the:.'lever 32 to rockinwardly or rearwardly-byits :upper end portion tolpress theheadrlii iltoward-the :bl'ock-.28; -In so-doing, the

pins-.3 I itl4 5-, and i 12, are forced rearwardly through thezblock 28;to come into contact with the frame: @817 and push its end portionadjacent the-wal1'38 =re-a1wardlyito assumethe dash line position, Fig.6, whereby the frame 4% is'freed' from frictionalengagement by the nosesM! and I50, these noses .thengspringing. inwardly one toward'the otherrespectively, to be between the frame' 48b'and the back'surface: 'of'the block-28',

that is just behind thev inclined surface I25 as it; leaves theright-hand end of thepassageway 12 2, Fig: 6. Thus these noses I41, and150 spring in front of the frame 136 to serve as spacers holding theframe'48b rearwardly by that edge portion so as to provide clearance forthe next appearing frame 43 so that this next appearing frame 8 mayenter between the frame 4% and the inclined surface I25. Thus it is tobe seen that by causing "the outer'end portion of the frame iiib'totravel rearwardly as it comes up over the thickened portion I26 of theblock 28, and then kicking the other edge portion of the frame 481:rearwardly, there is provided an entry way for the next following frame58b.

In describing that operation, of feeding the frames 48 across the insideof the block 28, between therear lens block 35 and the lens tube 30,there is an interval time elapsing to allow the frame in the passagewayI24 to remain there for a sufficient length of time to permit theaudience to view the projection from that frame on a suitable screen.This interval time is set up by the arrangement of the cam IM within thecam follower hi6. In other words the time elapsing is that required forthe nose IEO to leave the edge I6l on its down travel, and then comethereagainst as it comes up and around on its continuing travel; I

The travel of the pin 13!? across the nose I29 is rather rapid, and thelever I32 is in effect given a quick flip in order to release the frame48b'from' the grip 'of the two finger noses hi? and ifit. The springsHi3 and Mt serve to kick.

the .lever 132 back to its substantially vertically,

disposed position as indicated in Fig.7..

Atthe same time that the frames 48 are being fed transversely across the.front of. the device by the cam on the backend of the shaft 59-turningwithin the window 55 in the follower 55. i

As the nose of the cam :64 comes aroundinto contact with thefol10weredgeI55, the follower 58 is shifted to the left, torcck the arm 63accordingly and. thus carry the feed plate-.73 to-- the extreme left atthe end of the travel of the follower .55.

At that time, airame lfibn the left-hand sideof the housing 31 willcomeinto full'contact with the front face of .the'block 2e,

and then as the cam nose :54 comes on around a (travellingcounterclockwise as viewed in Fig. 3),

the nose lt-Lwill strike, the .ed e ilfiecf; the fol-:

lower 55, to carry'it-to vthe-rightagain, and in... thisuactionzthefeediplate willpushthexframei: 43 their against the z-blocicdi :onacross. :into the passageway lfi betwcen the'wa1l;..15:andthefmntzidlla- 3 ,oncoming frames.

; uponthe second-reciprocation of-thearm-68 :tor

bring "a subsequent-drama tar-into-con-tactswiththe. front face-ofitheblock e285,.the feed plate .13! will strike theleftehand--edge,-oftheframe-#8,? and push. it against-the frame 48c, to roar-r51, t:

j on across to thepositiondBd as indicated in-botlr- Figs..=3 and Asthe-frame:-48d' strikes the'inr clined surface-H ,'itsleading edge willtravel up; that surface-andzoveracross .thethickenedapore' tion i bftheblock, 29;:sothat the frame-481th is then inclined, that-is itiis outof parallelerela-s tion with-the: passageway-76.- As the-frame .4811

leaves the ipassageway lea it will SlidElbYqillSn'bOfirli) torn and topedges over thenoses-B'l andxtlllllv fr. the -.fingers =randi 9 8;: tospread those fingers.

Lapart so-that the-noses will grip the frameidildzfrictionallytherebetweenl; The frame @4811: wi-llez remain= in that"positionwhile -the-= armwfifl @065?- throughanother travelback to ithedeft-hand: position, following which the 'pin' BZ-on: theacamti be-.wi-1l come. aroundand strike the lip fll on-rthe lever' 19, to-causethe-cam lip 83: to-kick outvthev lower end of the lever 84, andthus-push the headi 83J-forwardly towardwtheblock "2 9-, to cause thepins 89,399; and 93' to travel forwardly "through? the r block -29, tostrike i the edge portion of the-1 frame 68d, that is that:"edgeportionvwhich s adjacent the.- wall 39", to kick that portion.out'- from betweenthe-grip ,ofwthe-noses HTandil I101: to cause theframe to go into theposition indi: cated-by the-dash 1inesw;int-'Fig;l,"that-"position: being retained byreasonofthenoses filandflflllidropping in behindthe frame 48d:when inithat'. dashline position. i

Thus it. is to be seen'that as the filmv'frames 48-are fed across the-forward end: portion :Ofn: of thedevice behindtherbl-oeks 28,-2- theyarerzalsois fed in the opposite direction-across the rrfrontw side ofthe block 29,: the filmsx travellingiitherer-r across in accordance withthetravelat theifront end -so that as one film-is taken outiin-one'place; it .is replaced" at-the back of --the ;-'otherd-pi;le."ri' Inboth instances, that is 'in the-frontfeednand the rear feed, the nosesof the fingers. in each instance servefirstto retain thelshifted framein the inclined positions,,that 'is inclin'edw from the normalfparallelpositi0n=o'f...one frame.v with another, until the. fingerspushftheuframes forwardly along the wall of..the. .lamp.. housi-n ,s.-whereupon those noses drop in behind... that pushed ahead edge,portion... so .as ,to preventiithe.v

other frames from returning theshifted-iramesi; against the blocks 28and 29. asthe case may be,..; all in order thatthere. may be space forentrance. under the shiftededges .ofthe. .nextisucceeding Itmaysometimes happen, that. there .are not; enough of the .frames..48,,tomfill .both; spaceson the sides of the lamphousing 31. Inthatysit'uag tion, the available frames .48 are, pla'ced..in .the.-

, right-hand frame trough, that is between the...

wall 39 and the outer .wall. 33,; and 'thenlifl there be, sufiicient oldframes'not. to: be .viewed theseie the frames. .48 forwardly ,against-.theblock .2 &- tea secure. or ,rather, insure the. proper ,feedingi bythe ,cross. slide cl 22,1 Likewise old frames-map, be used on the;greceiying 5 siden that is the sides,

between-.the outer wall p.32 and thes-housin e Where that is notdesirable, or not permissible, then there may be used a device of thenature shown in perspective in Fig. 9, wherein there are two end platesI and. "I of substantially the same size and area as that of theindividual frames 48. Between these two plates I10 and "I there isinterposed an elongated spread apart spring I12 so that undue pressurebetween the plates I10 and "I will not arise during the feedingthereagainst of either plate as the case may be when this device isdropped into either one of the spaces on the sides of the housing 31,one of the devices as shown in Fig. 9 being used on one side and one onthe other side, when the number of frames 48 are quite small in number.

In using this device shown in Fig. 9, the frames of course will not bedisplayed a second time since they cannot travel entirely around thecircuit. Thev will have to be shifted from one side to the other pastthese devices. This device only serves as a spacer of a resilient natureto fill in the spaces between the back block 29 and the frames 48thereahead on the right-hand side of the housing 31 and between theblock 29 and the block 28 so that the frames which have been viewed cancome back thereagainst and be held in vertical alignment.

In order to prevent jamming of the machine by either of the feed plates13 or I22 striking the p ates I10 and "I on this spacer device, theseplates I10 and HI, or at least one plate such as plate I10 is providedwith a vertical edge portion I13 curved backwardly from the plate planeto provide clearance for entry of either feed plate 13 or I22 betweenthat edge portion I13 and the face of the block 29 or 28 as the case maybe, whereby the plate I10 will be pushed back as the feed plate travelstherebetween.

Therefore while I have described the invention in theone particular formwhich provides a very positive and yet simple mechanism to accomplishthe purpose, I do not desire to be limited to that precise form in viewof the fact that mechanical variations may be employed without departingfrom the spirit of the invention within the scope of the followingappended claims.

I claim:

I. A machine to project in sequence from a plurality of separated filmframes, comprising a pair of frame holding compartments each having agenerally horizontally disposed floor to receive the frames on edge insubstantially vertically disposed re ation in a horizontally dis-. 7

posed stack; a lamp housing between the compartments; a lens systemahead of said housing at a relatively front end of the machine; a frontwall across each of said compartments; one of said compartments beingfor frames to be projected, and the other compartment for receivingframes already projected; a frame shifting member of not to exceed framethickness reciprocable across the back face of the to-be-projected framecompartment; said lens system being provided with a transversepassageway thereacrossconfining the frames therein to substantiallyvertical positions; said shifting member engaging one frame at a time topush it off the front end of said stack into said passageway, and topush the preceding frame from said passageway along the back side of thewall of the projected-frame compartment; a pair of vertically opposed,

' elastically gripping members at the exit end of saidpassageway insaidlast compartment, between which members the top and bottom edges ofthe frame move during the travel of the frame from the passageway to begripped and held; members for pushing said frame by a vertical edgeportion adjacent said passageway exit end rearwardly from the grip ofsaid members to permit said members to spring toward each other betweensaid wall and said frame to provide entrance therebetween of the nextframe coming from said passageway; means for reciprocating said frameshifting member, and means operated in timed sequence with thereciprocating means for actuating said frame rearwardly pushing members.

2. A machine to project in sequence from a plurality'of separated filmframes, comprising a pair of frame holding compartments each having agenerally horizontally disposed floor to receive the frames on edge insubstantially vertically disposed relation in a horizontally disposedstack; a lamp housing between the compartments; a lens system ahead ofsaid housing at a relatively front end of the machine; a front wallacross each of said compartments; .one of said compartments being forframes to be projected, and the other compartment for'receiving framesalready projected; a frame shifting member of not to exceed framethickness reciprocable across the back fence'of the to-be-projectedframe compartment; said lens system being provided with a transversepassageway thereacross confining the frames therein to substantiallyvertical positions; said shifting member engaging one frame at a time topush it off the front end of said stack into said passageway, and topush the preceding frame from said passageway along the back side of thewall of the projected-frame compartment; a pair of vertically opposed,elastically gripping members at the exit end of said passageway in saidlast compartment, between which members the top and bottom edges of theframe move during the travel of the frame from the passageway to begripped and held; members for pushing said frame by a vertical edgeportion adjacent said passageway exit and rearwardly from the grip ofsaid members to permit said members to spring toward each other betweensaid wall and said frame to provide entrance therebetween of the nextframe coming from said pa sageway; means for reciprocating said frameshifting member, and means operated in timed sequence with thereciprocating means for actuating said frame rearwardly pushing members;said reciprocating means comprising a cam, a lever rocked by the cam andinterconnected with said frame shifting member; and said pushing memberoperating means comprising a spring normally withholding the pushingmembers from the path of frames coming thereacross from said passageway,and a lever rockably mounted to be rocked by travel of said cam to presssaid members rearwardly against the opposition of said spring.

3. A machine to project in sequence from a plurality of separated filmframes, comprising a pair of frame holding compartments each having agenerally horizontally disposed floor to receive the frames on edge insubstantially vertically disposed relation in a horizontally disposedstack; a lamp housing between the com partments; a lens system ahead ofsaid housing at a relatively front end of the machine; a front wallacross each of said compartments; one of said compartments being forframes to be pro jected, and the other compartment for receiving framesalready projected; a frame shifting member of not to exceed framethickness reciprocable across the back face of the to-be-projected framecompartment; said lens system being provided with a transversepassageway thereacross con fining the frames therein to substantiallyvertical positions; said shifting member engaging one frame at a time topush it off the front end of said stack into said passageway, and topush the preceding frame from said passageway along the back side of thewall of the projected-frame compartment; a pair of vertically opposed,elastically gripping members at the exit end of said passageway in saidlast compartment, between which members the top and bottom edges of theframe move during the travel of the frame from the passageway to begripped and held; members for pushing said frame by a vertical edgeportion adjacent said passageway exit and rearwardly from the grip ofsaid members to permit said members to spring toward each other betweensaid wall and said frame to provide entrance therebetween of the nextframe coming from said passageway; means for reciprocating said frameshifting member, and means operated in timed sequence with thereciprocating means for actuating said frame rearwardly pushing members;said frame edge gripping members having frame edge contact portionslimited to a zone immediately adjacent to said passageway exit.

4. A device of the character described comprising a pair of compartmentsfor holding in each a stack of frames and having an interconnectingframe transfer passageway with an entrance thereto at one end of onecompartment and an exit therefrom at an end of the other compartment;means for pushing frames from said one compartment, 2. vertical edge ofone frame against a vertical edge of a preceding frame, into saidpassageway; and a pair of substantially vertically opposed, elasticallyreciprocable members located in the path of frames emerging from saidexit, against and between which members the top and bottom edges of theframes are forcibly guided from said passageway to have those edgesslidingly gripped by said members; and means shifting laterally inrespect to frame travel through said passageway, a frame from the gripof said members to allow said members to retract one toward the otherbehind the frame to permit the then retracted said members to serve asabutments against return frame travel; said frame gripping memberscomprising a lower nose and an upper nose, both in substantial verticalalignment, and spring means normally urging the noses one toward theother; stops limiting movement of the noses to a spacing therebetween ofparts thereof at least less than the height of said frames; and each ofsaid noses being inclined downwardly and upwardly respectively on sidesdirected toward oncoming frames against which the bottom and top edgesof those frames will initially come into contact and by continued travelof the frames therebetween urge said noses apart one from the other.

5. A device of the character described comprising a pair of compartmentsfor holding in each a stack of frames and having an interconnectingframe transfer passageway with an entrance thereto at one end of onecompartment and an exit therefrom at an end of the other compartment;means for pushing frames from said one compartment, a vertical edge ofone frame against a vertical edge of a preceding frame, into saidpassageway; and a pair of substantially vertically opposed, elasticallyreciprocable members located in the path of frames emergin from saidexit, against and between which members the top and botom edges of theframes are forcibly guided from said passageway to have those edgesslidingly gripped by said members; and means shifting laterally inrespect to frame travel through said passageway, a frame from the gripof said members to allow said members to retract one toward the otherbehind the frame to permit the then retracted said members to serve asabutments against return frame travel; a surface at the end of saidother compartment inclining from said passageway exit inwardly of thecompartment; said members being located adjacent said xit, whereby aframe coming from said exit is carried over said surface into ahorizontally inclined position pivoting thereto between said grippingmembers; and frame shifting means having elements located to push onthat portion of the frame held between said members to rock the frame ona fulcrum provided by the innermost portion of said surface and to carrythe frame substantially laterally from said gripping members.

6. In a device for transferring frames from one compartment through aprojecting position into a second compartment and having means to effectsaid transfer, a pair of frame gripping members elastically urged onetoward the other and normally spaced apart a distance less than adimension across a frame between its opposite edges; said grippingmembers being located to be in the paths of said edges as the frameenters said second compartment in each instance, to have said membersspread apart by those edges and yieldingly be gripped thereby; means forrocking the frame by one end portion while gripped by said members bythe other end portion; and means pushing said other end portion of theframe from the grip of said members to restore the frame intosubstantial parallelism with, but spaced from the line of transfer ofthe frame from said projecting position.

ROBERT P. SMITH.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 595,165 Green et a1 Dec. 7, 18971,159,681 Kastner Nov. 9, 1915 1,288,730 Stanfield Dec. 24, 19181,298,417 Stillwaggon Mar. 25, 1919 1,309,358 Graves ..'July 8, 19191,752,952 Jelinek Apr. 1, 1930 1,839,545 Frye Jan. 5, 1932 2,260,660Darwin Oct. 28, 1941 2,298,413 Reid Oct. 13, 1942 2,496,724 Host Feb. 7,1950 2,533,441 Estes Dec. 12, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date374,936 Germany May 3, 1923 242,879 Switzerland June 15. 1946

